What is load testing? - Load testing is to test that if the application works fine with the loads that
result from large number of simultaneous users, transactions and to determine weather it can
handle peak usage periods. What is Performance testing? - Timing for both read and update
transactions should
2. Which protocol has to be selected for record/playback Oracle 9i application?
Seeing your application is running on which protocol, any of these protocols can be set because
all are supportive for Load RunnerODBCSybase libOracle libPeople
softSapBaanSiebelRTEFTSMTPPOPHTTPRMICORBACOM/DCOMJDBCWindows sockets
3. What are the enhancements which have been included in loadrunner 8.0 when
compared to loadrunner 6.2?
HiHow can i get the winrunner an the loadrunner wizard? I would like to learn how to use it ?Can
you please suggest a site where i can load it from..
4. Can we use Load Runner for testing desktop applications or non web based
applications and how do we use
Yes we can use LoadRunner for the desktop appliocation. When you start load runner VU
generator , it asks you to select the type of protocal to use. There you have plenty of options from
E-business application( web based) to client/server applications. hopr it helps
5. How to call winrunner script in Loadrunner?
1.Create a scenario by replacing the VUser script with the GUI WinRunner script.2.Select Host-
>Details options from menu3.Enable the check box for GUI Winrunner(Mandatory to run the WR
Script)4.Execute the ScenarioNote: As you can work with only one instance of the winrunner at a
time, the maximumno
6. What r the types of parameterisation in load runner?List the step to do strees
testing?How many terminals
pls send me answer to tkkumar3@yahoo.co.in
7. What are the steps for doing load and performance testing using Load Runner?Note: I
need the actual process
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8. What is concurrent load ? and corollation? what is the processof load runner?
9. What is planning for the test.
Here, we develop a clearly defined test plan to ensure the test scenarios we develop will
accomplish load-testing objectives. null
10. What enables the controller and the host to communicate with each other in Load
Runner?
following component should enabled on Host machine.1. Agent 2. Remote louncher
11. Where is Load testing usually done?
The Load testing is carried in the controlled environment based on the requirement specs from
the client the Load Test Plan followed with the scenarios are created & executed to match the
requirements. To speak more precisely the Load testing Episode is carried once the Performance
exercise
12. What are the only means of measuring performance?
transactions are the only means of measuring performance.
13. Testing requirement and design are not part of what?
14. According to Market analysis 70% of performance problem lies with what?
15. What is the level of system loading expected to occur during specific business
scenario?
16. What is run-time-setting.
Run-time-setting include loop.log and timing information.
17. When load runner is used .
When multiple users work concurrently .
18. What protocols does LoadRunner support?
Answered by jayashree on 2005-05-10 00:24:47: Industry standard protocols for example HTTP
and ODBC are explicitly supported by LoadRunner. Furthermore any protocol that communicates
over a windows socket can be supported
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19. What do you mean by creating vuser script.
Creating vuser script for emulate the action that virtual user Perform during the scenario
execution.
20. What is rendezvous point.
To emulate peak load on the server.
21. What is load runner.
Load runner accurately measure and analysis the system performance and its functionality.
22. What can I monitor with LoadRunner?
With Loadrunner, we can see the response of the system, CPU utilization while it is being used
by multiple users and subjected to stress.
23. What are all the types of correlation?
To speak more specific about the co-relation the automatic correlation is where we set some
rules for correlation. It can be application server specific. Here values are replaced by data, which
are created by these rules. In manual correlation, the value we want to correlate is scanned and
create correlation
24. What are all the functions available in Loadrunner to do the corrlation?
Wdiff -This is a Loadrunner tool which can be user to spot the dynamic data to be
correlated. web_reg_save_param (const char *ParamName,
- , LAST); This is a
built in loadrunner function that can be used to find and save occurrences of a text string (text to
be
25. How do we do the correclation?
Establish items to be correlated (dynamic value) Find the left and right boundary of the
occurrences of the dynamic value Add a web_reg_save funtion to parameterise all occurrences
of the dynamic value- text between the left and right boundary.(Remember the escape character
26. What is 'Correlation' in Loadrunner?
Correlation is the identifying and resolving data which are , unique for each run of the script or
each iteration of an action. These dynamic data differ in each replay from the original recording
and causes the replay to fail.
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27. What are the advantage of using load runner.
1-loadrunner automatically records the performance of the client/server during test. 2-loadrunner
checks where performance delays occur network/client delays. 3-loadrunner monitor the network
and server resource to help the improve performance.
28. What is scenario.
A scenario defines the events that occur during is testing session. Exam (deposit cash, withdraw
money…).
29. What is the vuser in the scenario .
Load runner replace the human user with vuser.
30. What is vuser script.
While run a scenarion every vuser execute a script that script known as vuser script .
31. What the vuser script contain.
The vuser script include the function that measure and record the performance of the server
during the scenario.
32. What is transaction .
Transaction measure the time which takes for the server to respond to task submitted by the
vuser.
33. When the rendezvous point is insert .
When multiple vuser to perform tasks at exactly the same time then insert the rendezvous point to
emulate the peak load on the server.
34. What is load runner controller .
Controller is manage and maintain the scenario . using controller you control all the vuser in
single work station .
35. what is Host.
Host is machine which execute the vuser script.
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36. what are the load runner testing process .
There are 5 steps. 1-planning the test. 2-creating the vuser script. 3-creating the scenario. 4-
running the scenario. 5-analysis the test result.
37. what are the process for developing a vuser script.
There are 5 steps for developing a vuser script. 1-recording the vuser script . 2-edit the vuser
script. 3-runtime setting . 4-run the vuser script in stand-alone mode. 5-incorporate the vuser
script into a load runner scenario.
38. how to create a scenario .
We have to install load runner controller to the host . Then we include list of host(where vuser
script execute) then list of vuser script (where vuser run) and then list of vuser that run during the
scenario.
39. what do you mean by Remote Command Launcher(RCL).
Rcl enables the controller to start the application on the Host machine .
40. what is load runner Agent.
Agent is interface between host machine and controller.
41. how you load a load runner Agent.
Controller instruct the remote command luncher to lunch the Agent .
42. how many types of vuser are available .
There are several type of vuser(GUI ,Database ,RTE(terminal emulator), SAP, DCOME, People
soft, java, Baan)
43. what is GUI vuser and on which platform it will run.
GUI vuser operate graphical user interface application and it can run in either the MS-Windows /
X-Windows environment .
44. what is MS-windows.
Win runner used for MS-Window application .
45. what is X-Windows.
X-runner and VX-runner for X-Windows application.
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46. what is load runner API function .
Data base vuser do not operate client application .using load runner API function the database
vuser can access the data from the server.
47. how you develop the database vuser script .
Developing the database vuser script either by recording with load runner vuser script generator
(VuGen) or by using load runner vuser script template.
48. what is VuGen.
It is a load runner vuser script generator(use for recording the data base vuser script )
49. how many section database vuser script have.
3 section ,written in code that assemble in C, SQL call to the database, written in TSL(test script
language).
50. how you enhance the basic script .
By adding control-flow, structure, by inserting transaction point and rendezvous point, adding
functions
51. what is stand-alone mode.
To verify that the script runs correctly .
52. what type of function generate and insert by the vugen to the script when you record a
script .
1-LR Function.(vuser function) 2- protocol function.
53. what is LR-function.
obtain the information about vuser running in a scenario .
54. what is protocol function.
Obtain the information about the type of vuser.
55. what are the section contain by the vugen while creating a vuser script .
Vugen contain the 3 section . 1-vuser-init 2-action. 3-vuser-end.
56. what is vuser-init section .
Record a log in to the server(vuser initialize loaded).
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57. what is action section .
Record the client activity .
58. what is vuser-end section.
Record a log off in to the server (vuser stoped).
59. how vugen create a vuser script.
By recording the activity between client and server.
60. how you edit the script .
While editing the script we have to inserting the transaction point and rendezvous point .
61. what is the load runner start-transaction and its syntax.
It will start the transaction on the script. Syntax. Lr-start-transaction("transaction name").
62. what is the load runner end transaction and its syntax.
It will end the transaction. Syntax. Lr-end-transaction("transaction name", LR-AUTO).
63. where you insert the rendezvous point .
Rendezvous point insert in to the script to calculate the peak load of the server. Syntax. lrrendezvous("
rendezvous name").
64. what are the element in the load runner controller.
Title bar(name of the scenarion presently working). Menu bar(selecting the various command).
Tool bar. Status bar.
65. what are the 5 icons appear in the buttom of the controller windows.
1-host windows(list of machine). 2-script windows(list of all the vuser script) 3-rendezvous
windows. 4-transaction windows(display all the transaction) . 5-output window( display error and
notification message).
66. what is .lrs.
Load runner save the information in a scenario files.
67. what is scenario wizard .
Through scenario wizard we can create a new scenario.
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68. what is filtering and sorting.
We can filter the information display only those items that meet the selected criteria(filter box)
.exam you can filter vuser only those who are in ready state. Sorting - we can sort all the vuser in
the vuser list. In order to their vuser ID(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9).
69. what are the information crating for each host.
1-the status of the host. 2-the platform type of the host(windows/unix). 3-details of the scenario.
70. how to create a host list for a scenario.
1-install remote command luncher on every machine. 2-add the name of the host to the host lists.
3-set attributes for each host. 4-select which hosts will take part in the scenario.
71. how to modify the host attribute .
72. what the host attributes determine .
1-the maximum number of vuser that host can run. 2-the initialization quota . 3-the location of the
win runner configuration file. 4. the location of the file during run-time.
73. how you set maximum number of vuser that a host can run.
We can modify the maximum number of vuser according to the (available resource , the needs of
your scenario, load runner license agreements).
74. what do you mean by initialization of quota.
Capabilities of the host that at a time how many vuser Are initialize .
75. when the load runner controller open the win runner file then what is the location of
the winner configuration
Wrun.ini.
76. what is scenario default .
Instruct the vuser to use the win runner configuration file.
77. what is local configuration file.
Instruct the vuser to use hosts win runner configuration file.
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78. what do you mean by path.
Use win runner configuration file that is in a specific location on the network.
79. during run time where the hosts saves the files.
In temporally in the local drive of each host.
80. what is script list.
It contain all the vuser script that vuser can run.
81. what are the information contain by script windows for each script in the list.
1-name of the vuser script . 2-the type of the vuser. 3-the location(path). 4-command line option.
82. how to modify the script.
Using vuser script information dialog box.
83. what is the purpose of running the scenario .
To check the response time of the client/server system under load.
84. why we insert the rendezvous point while running the scenario.
If a multiple vuser to perform a tasks at exactly the same time.
85. when a scenario run exactly what happened .
1-The controller check the scenario configuration information. 2-then next it invoke the application
that you select to run with the scenario . 3- then transform each script to its related hosts, when
the vuser are ready they start execution.
86. how to run a scenario.
Open an existing scenario . Configure the scenario. Set the result directory. Run the scenario.
87. when you initialize the vuser what happen .
The vuser status change from DOWN to PENDING to INITILIZAING to READY. If vuser fails to
initialize , the vuser status changes to ERROR.
88. what is pause command.
It changes the status of the vuser from RUNNING TO PAUSE.
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89. what is running virtual user graph.
It displays the number of the vuser that execute vuser script during each second of the scenario
run. Only running and rendez state are include.(loading, ready and pause are not displayed) .
90. what is report viewer .
Each report viewer contain the report header and report viewer tool bar.
91. what is report header and what are the information contains.
It display general scenario information and it contain the information like (title, scenario, result
start time, end time and duration).
92. what is rendezvous graph.
It indicate when vuser were released from rendezvous point and how many vuser are released
from each point.it help the transaction performance time .
93. what is transaction per second graph(pass).
It display the number of complited , successful transaction perform during each second of
scenario run.
94. what is transaction per second graph(pass).
95. what in percentile graph.
The percentage of transaction that were performed within a given time range.
96. what is transaction performance graph.
Display the average time taken to perform transaction during each second of the scenario run.
97. How many users can I emulate with Load-Runner on a PC?
That also depends on the licence of the loadrunner software.There are different licence
management available.For a normal loadrunner license we can generate upto 250 users...thats
the maximum limit............but depends on what kind of licence u have
98. What are the Vuser components in LoadRunner?
ApplicationComponents used are client, database or additionally business application
server.) Web Server works on and through LAN,WAN,or www connection. Application Server
components are client, business server and database server without use of www.but through
Protocols like
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99. What are the reasons why parameterization is necessary when load testing the Web
server and the database
Parameterization is generally done to test with multiple set of data or records.
100. Load Runner Function - How to get current system time
This function is developed to usein Mercury Load Runner peformance tool.This main use of this
functions to return the current system time at any given point of time while load runner script is
running.This functiona can be used to report transaction times , script starti time and end
time. long
101. What do I need to know to do load testing in addition to knowing how to use the
Load-Runner tool?
In addition to knowing the tool : - Management aspects of Load Testing, Planning being
paramount - Requirements gathering, Profile/Mix, SLA, Acceptance Criteria.... - an general
understanding of the protocol you are working with, developers can be unhelpful - a basic
understanding.
102. What is load testing?
- Load testing is to test that if the application works fine with the loads that result from large
number of simultaneous users, transactions and to determine weather it can handle peak usage
periods.
103. What is Performance testing?
- Timing for both read and update transactions should be gathered to determine whether system
functions are being performed in an acceptable timeframe. This should be done standalone and
then in a multi user environment to determine the effect of multiple transactions on the timing of a
single transaction.
104. Did u use LoadRunner? What version?
- Yes. Version 7.2.
1. Explain the Load testing process?
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Step 1: Planning the test. Here, we develop a clearly defined test plan to ensure the test
scenarios we develop will accomplish load-testing objectives.
Step 2: Creating Vusers. Here, we create Vuser scripts that contain tasks performed by each
Vuser, tasks performed by Vusers as a whole, and tasks measured as transactions.
Step 3: Creating the scenario. A scenario describes the events that occur during a testing
session. It includes a list of machines, scripts, and Vusers that run during the scenario. We create
scenarios using LoadRunner Controller. We can create manual scenarios as well as goaloriented
scenarios. In manual scenarios, we define the number of Vusers, the load generator
machines, and percentage of Vusers to be assigned to each script. For web tests, we may create
a goal-oriented scenario where we define the goal that our test has to achieve. LoadRunner
automatically builds a scenario for us.
Step 4: Running the scenario.
We emulate load on the server by instructing multiple Vusers to perform tasks simultaneously.
Before the testing, we set the scenario configuration and scheduling. We can run the entire
scenario, Vuser groups, or individual Vusers.
Step 5: Monitoring the scenario.
We monitor scenario execution using the LoadRunner online runtime, transaction, system
resource, Web resource, Web server resource, Web application server resource, database server
resource, network delay, streaming media resource, firewall server resource, ERP server
resource, and Java performance monitors.
Step 6: Analyzing test results. During scenario execution, LoadRunner records the
performance of the application under different loads. We use LoadRunner.s graphs and reports to
analyze the application.s performance.
2. When do you do load and performance Testing?
- We perform load testing once we are done with interface (GUI) testing. Modern system
architectures are large and complex. Whereas single user testing primarily on functionality and
user interface of a system component, application testing focuses on performance and reliability
of an entire system. For example, a typical application-testing scenario might depict 1000 users
logging in simultaneously to a system. This gives rise to issues such as what is the response time
of the system, does it crash, will it go with different software applications and platforms, can it
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hold so many hundreds and thousands of users, etc. This is when we set do load and
performance testing.
3. What are the components of LoadRunner?
- The components of LoadRunner are The Virtual User Generator, Controller, and the Agent
process, LoadRunner Analysis and Monitoring, LoadRunner Books Online.
4. What Component of LoadRunner would you use to record a Script?
- The Virtual User Generator (VuGen) component is used to record a script. It enables you to
develop Vuser scripts for a variety of application types and communication protocols.
5. What Component of LoadRunner would you use to play Back the script in multi user
mode?
- The Controller component is used to playback the script in multi-user mode. This is done during
a scenario run where a vuser script is executed by a number of vusers in a group.
6. What is a rendezvous point?
- You insert rendezvous points into Vuser scripts to emulate heavy user load on the server.
Rendezvous points instruct Vusers to wait during test execution for multiple Vusers to arrive at a
certain point, in order that they may simultaneously perform a task. For example, to emulate peak
load on the bank server, you can insert a rendezvous point instructing 100 Vusers to deposit cash
into their accounts at the same time.
7. What is a scenario?
- A scenario defines the events that occur during each testing session. For example, a scenario
defines and controls the number of users to emulate, the actions to be performed, and the
machines on which the virtual users run their emulations.
8. Explain the recording mode for web Vuser script?
- We use VuGen to develop a Vuser script by recording a user performing typical business
processes on a client application. VuGen creates the script by recording the activity between the
client and the server. For example, in web based applications, VuGen monitors the client end of
the database and traces all the requests sent to, and received from, the database server. We use
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VuGen to: Monitor the communication between the application and the server; Generate the
required function calls; and Insert the generated function calls into a Vuser script.
9. Why do you create parameters?
- Parameters are like script variables. They are used to vary input to the server and to emulate
real users. Different sets of data are sent to the server each time the script is run. Better simulate
the usage model for more accurate testing from the Controller; one script can emulate many
different users on the system.
10. What is correlation? Explain the difference between automatic correlation and manual
correlation?
- Correlation is used to obtain data which are unique for each run of the script and which are
generated by nested queries. Correlation provides the value to avoid errors arising out of
duplicate values and also optimizing the code (to avoid nested queries). Automatic correlation is
where we set some rules for correlation. It can be application server specific. Here values are
replaced by data which are created by these rules. In manual correlation, the value we want to
correlate is scanned and create correlation is used to correlate.
11. How do you find out where correlation is required? Give few examples from your
projects?
- Two ways: First we can scan for correlations, and see the list of values which can be correlated.
From this we can pick a value to be correlated. Secondly, we can record two scripts and compare
them. We can look up the difference file to see for the values which needed to be correlated. In
my project, there was a unique id developed for each customer, it was nothing but Insurance
Number, it was generated automatically and it was sequential and this value was unique. I had to
correlate this value, in order to avoid errors while running my script. I did using scan for
correlation.
12. Where do you set automatic correlation options?
- Automatic correlation from web point of view can be set in recording options and correlation tab.
Here we can enable correlation for the entire script and choose either issue online messages or
offline actions, where we can define rules for that correlation. Automatic correlation for database
can be done using show output window and scan for correlation and picking the correlate query
tab and choose which query value we want to correlate. If we know the specific value to be
correlated, we just do create correlation for the value and specify how the value to be created.
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13. What is a function to capture dynamic values in the web Vuser script?
- Web_reg_save_param function saves dynamic data information to a parameter.
14. When do you disable log in Virtual User Generator, When do you choose standard and
extended logs?
- Once we debug our script and verify that it is functional, we can enable logging for errors only.
When we add a script to a scenario, logging is automatically disabled. Standard Log Option:
When you select
Standard log, it creates a standard log of functions and messages sent during script execution to
use for debugging. Disable this option for large load testing scenarios.
When you copy a script to a scenario, logging is automatically disabled Extended Log Option:
Select extended log to create an extended log, including warnings and other messages. Disable
this option for large load testing scenarios. When you copy a script to a scenario, logging is
automatically disabled. We can specify which additional information should be added to the
extended log using the Extended log options.
15. How do you debug a LoadRunner script?
- VuGen contains two options to help debug Vuser scripts-the Run Step by Step command and
breakpoints. The Debug settings in the Options dialog box allow us to determine the extent of the
trace to be performed during scenario execution. The debug information is written to the Output
window. We can manually set the message class within your script using the
lr_set_debug_message function. This is useful if we want to receive debug information about a
small section of the script only.
16. How do you write user defined functions in LR? Give me few functions you wrote in
your previous project?
- Before we create the User Defined functions we need to create the external
library (DLL) with the function. We add this library to VuGen bin directory. Once the library is
added then we assign user defined function as a parameter. The function should have the
following format: __declspec (dllexport) char*
defined functions are as follows:GetVersion, GetCurrentTime, GetPltform are some of the user
defined functions used in my earlier project.
17. What are the changes you can make in run-time settings?
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- The Run Time Settings that we make are:
a) Pacing - It has iteration count.
b) Log - Under this we have Disable Logging Standard Log and
c) Extended Think Time - In think time we have two options like Ignore think time and Replay
think time.
d) General - Under general tab we can set the vusers as process or as multithreading and
whether each step as a transaction.
18. Where do you set Iteration for Vuser testing?
- We set Iterations in the Run Time Settings of the VuGen. The navigation for this is Run time
settings, Pacing tab, set number of iterations.
19. How do you perform functional testing under load?
- Functionality under load can be tested by running several Vusers concurrently. By increasing
the amount of Vusers, we can determine how much load the server can sustain.
20. What is Ramp up? How do you set this?
- This option is used to gradually increase the amount of Vusers/load on the server. An initial
value is set and a value to wait between intervals can be
specified. To set Ramp Up, go to ‘Scenario Scheduling Options’
21. What is the advantage of running the Vuser as thread?
- VuGen provides the facility to use multithreading. This enables more Vusers to be run per
generator. If the Vuser is run as a process, the same driver program is loaded into memory for
each Vuser, thus taking up a large amount of memory. This limits the number of Vusers that can
be run on a single
generator. If the Vuser is run as a thread, only one instance of the driver program is loaded into
memory for the given number of
Vusers (say 100). Each thread shares the memory of the parent driver program, thus enabling
more Vusers to be run per generator.
22. If you want to stop the execution of your script on error, how do you do that?
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- The lr_abort function aborts the execution of a Vuser script. It instructs the Vuser to stop
executing the Actions section, execute the vuser_end section and end the execution. This
function is useful when you need to manually abort a script execution as a result of a specific
error condition. When you end a script using this function, the Vuser is assigned the status
"Stopped". For this to take effect, we have to first uncheck the .Continue on error. option in Run-
Time Settings.
23. What is the relation between Response Time and Throughput?
- The Throughput graph shows the amount of data in bytes that the Vusers received from the
server in a second. When we compare this with the transaction response time, we will notice that
as throughput decreased, the response time also decreased. Similarly, the peak throughput and
highest response time would occur approximately at the same time.
24. Explain the Configuration of your systems?
- The configuration of our systems refers to that of the client machines on which we run the
Vusers. The configuration of any client machine includes its hardware settings, memory,
operating system, software applications, development tools, etc. This system component
configuration should match with the overall system configuration that would include the network
infrastructure, the web server, the database server, and any other components that go with this
larger system so as to achieve the load testing objectives.
25. How do you identify the performance bottlenecks?
- Performance Bottlenecks can be detected by using monitors. These monitors might be
application server monitors, web server monitors, database server monitors and network
monitors. They help in finding out the troubled area in our scenario which causes increased
response time. The measurements made are usually performance response time, throughput,
hits/sec, network delay graphs, etc.
26. If web server, database and Network are all fine where could be the problem?
- The problem could be in the system itself or in the application server or in the code written for
the application.
27. How did you find web server related issues?
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- Using Web resource monitors we can find the performance of web servers. Using these
monitors we can analyze throughput on the web server, number of hits per second that occurred
during scenario, the number of http responses per second, the number of downloaded pages per
second.
28. How did you find database related issues?
- By running .Database. monitor and help of .Data Resource Graph. we can find database related
issues. E.g. You can specify the resource you want to measure on before running the controller
and than you can see database related issues
29. Explain all the web recording options?
30. What is the difference between Overlay graph and Correlate graph?
- Overlay Graph: It overlay the content of two graphs that shares a common x-axis. Left Y-axis
on the merged graph show.s the current graph.s value & Right Y-axis show the value of Y-axis of
the graph that was merged. Correlate Graph: Plot the Y-axis of two graphs against each other.
The active graph.s Y-axis becomes X-axis of merged graph. Y-axis of the graph that was merged
becomes merged graph.s Y-axis.
31. How did you plan the Load? What are the Criteria?
- Load test is planned to decide the number of users, what kind of machines we are going to use
and from where they are run. It is based on 2 important documents, Task Distribution Diagram
and Transaction profile. Task Distribution Diagram gives us the information on number of users
for a particular transaction and the time of the load. The peak usage and off-usage are decided
from this Diagram. Transaction profile gives us the information about the transactions name and
their priority levels with regard to the scenario we are deciding.
32. What does vuser_init action contain?
- Vuser_init action contains procedures to login to a server.
33. What does vuser_end action contain?
- Vuser_end section contains log off procedures.
34. What is think time? How do you change the threshold?
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- Think time is the time that a real user waits between actions. Example: When a user receives
data from a server, the user may wait several seconds to review the data before responding. This
delay is known as the think time. Changing the Threshold: Threshold level is the level below
which the recorded think time will be ignored. The default value is five (5) seconds. We can
change the think time threshold in the Recording options of the Vugen.
35. What is the difference between standard log and extended log?
- The standard log sends a subset of functions and messages sent during script execution to a
log. The subset depends on the Vuser type Extended log sends a detailed script execution
messages to the output log. This is mainly used during debugging when we want information
about: Parameter substitution. Data returned by the server. Advanced trace.
36. Explain the following functions: - lr_debug_message
- The lr_debug_message function sends a debug message to the output log when the specified
message class is set. lr_output_message - The lr_output_message function sends notifications
to the Controller Output window and the Vuser log file. lr_error_message - The
lr_error_message function sends an error message to the LoadRunner Output window. lrd_stmt
- The lrd_stmt function associates a character string (usually a SQL statement) with a cursor. This
function sets a SQL statement to be processed. lrd_fetch - The lrd_fetch function fetches the
next row from the result set.
37. Throughput - If the throughput scales upward as time progresses and the number of
Vusers increase, this indicates that the bandwidth is sufficient.
If the graph were to remain relatively flat as the number of Vusers increased, it would
be reasonable to conclude that the bandwidth is constraining the volume of
data delivered.
38. Types of Goals in Goal-Oriented Scenario
- Load Runner provides you with five different types of goals in a goal oriented scenario:
39. The number of concurrent Vusers
40. The number of hits per second
41. The number of transactions per second
42. The number of pages per minute
43. The transaction response time that you want your scenario
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44. Analysis Scenario (Bottlenecks):
In Running Vuser graph correlated with the response time graph you can see that as the number
of Vusers increases, the average response time of the check itinerary transaction very gradually
increases. In other words, the average response time steadily increases as the load
increases. At 56 Vusers, there is a sudden, sharp increase in the average response
time. We say that the test broke the server. That is the mean time before failure (MTBF). The
response time clearly began to degrade when there were more than 56 Vusers running
simultaneously.
45. What is correlation? Explain the difference between automatic correlation and manual
correlation?
- Correlation is used to obtain data which are unique for each run of the script and which are
generated by nested queries. Correlation provides the value to avoid errors arising out of
duplicate values and also optimizing the code (to avoid nested queries). Automatic correlation is
where we set some rules for correlation. It can be application server specific. Here values are
replaced by data which are created by these rules. In manual correlation, the value we want to
correlate is scanned and create correlation is used to correlate.
46. Where do you set automatic correlation options?
- Automatic correlation from web point of view, can be set in recording options and correlation
tab. Here we can enable correlation for the entire script and choose either issue online messages
or offline actions, where we can define rules for that correlation. Automatic correlation for
database, can be done using show output window and scan for correlation and picking the
correlate query tab and choose which query value we want to correlate. If we know the specific
value to be correlated, we just do create correlation for the value and specify how the value to be
created.
47. What is a function to capture dynamic values in the web vuser script?
- Web_reg_save_param function saves dynamic data information to a parameter.
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BUG TRACKING INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Describe Error Handling in the FRD
2. whats the difference between usecase,testcase,testplan,and scenario and their
templates.
use case - Desighned before the project started.Test Case - which contains the test data .test
plan - A detailed plan to outline when to start and when to stop and constriants for automation or
manual and about human resources.Scenario - scenario's will be identified while testing.
3. How we can explain a bug which may arrive at the time of tesing. explain that bugs in
details.
Firstly i will contact to TL ..after confirmation from him i will forward this bug to Concerned
Developer.....
4. What is the difference between a Bug and a Defect?
Defect: Missing requirements is called defect.Bug:Dis satisfaction of the requirements.
5. How to post a BUG
There are tools available in the market such as Rational Clear Quest to post a bug. If Rational
Clear Quest is configured correctly when you post a bug an e-mail is automatically send to the
concerned developers.
6. how do we track a bug?plz send format of excel sheet in which we write the bug
details?how do we give
There are different bg tracking tools n the market , but rational clear quest is the most commonly
used tool.
7. What are the different types of Bugs we normally see in any of the Project? Include the
severity as wel
1. User Interface Defects -------------------------------- Low
2. Boundary Related Defects ------------------------------- Medium
3. Error Handling Defects --------------------------------- Medium
4. Calculation Defects ------------------------------------ High
5. Improper Service Levels (Control flow defects)
8. Top Ten Tips for Bug Tracking
A good tester will always try to reduce the repro steps to the minimal steps to reproduce; this is
extremely helpful for the programmer who has to find the bug. Remember that the only person
who can close a bug is the person who opened it in the first place. Anyone can resolve it, but only
the person
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